Prison Island Zanzibar (Changuu Island) – Day Trip Guide to Giant Tortoises & Ruins

Introduction to Prison Island Zanzibar

Prison Island, also known as Changuu Island, is one of the most popular day trips from Stone Town, Zanzibar. Famous for its giant Aldabra tortoises, turquoise waters, and historical prison ruins, this island combines history, wildlife, and relaxation all in one destination. Just a 10–15 minute boat ride from Stone Town, it’s a must-see for travelers looking to experience Zanzibar’s unique charm.

Whether you’re interested in learning about the island’s colonial past, meeting century-old tortoises, or snorkeling in the crystal-clear Indian Ocean, Prison Island is an unforgettable addition to your Zanzibar itinerary.

🏝️ History of Prison Island Zanzibar

Prison Island, also known as Changuu Island Zanzibar, has a fascinating and complex history that reflects the cultural, political, and social changes of Zanzibar over the centuries. Located just 5 kilometers northwest of Stone Town, the island has transformed from a place of confinement into one of the most famous Zanzibar tourist attractions today.

Origins of Changuu Island

The name Changuu comes from the Swahili word for a fish species, which was once abundant in the surrounding waters. For centuries, the island remained uninhabited, occasionally visited by fishermen and traders from Stone Town. Its location made it ideal as a strategic outpost in the Indian Ocean, and its history began to change dramatically in the late 19th century.

Prison Island and the Slave Trade in Zanzibar

In the 1860s and 1870s, Zanzibar was a major hub for the East African slave trade, with Stone Town serving as a key port for the transport of enslaved people. Changuu Island was first used to house rebellious slaves who resisted captivity. The small, remote island made it difficult for anyone to escape, making it a practical holding place during Zanzibar’s dark era of slavery.

Although slavery was officially abolished in Zanzibar by the Sultan in 1873 after strong pressure from the British, the legacy of slavery in Zanzibar remains deeply tied to the island’s identity. Visiting Prison Island allows travelers to connect with this powerful history while reflecting on the resilience of the local people.

The Planned Prison That Was Never Used

In 1893, the island was purchased by a wealthy Arab landowner, who later handed it over to the British colonial authorities. The British constructed a large prison complex on the island, intending it to hold criminals from Zanzibar and the surrounding areas.

Interestingly, the prison was never used for its original purpose. Despite the well-built infrastructure, no prisoners were ever housed there. The building remains today as a haunting reminder of what could have been, and visitors can still walk through the old prison ruins when they tour the island.

Quarantine Station for Infectious Diseases

Instead of serving as a prison, Changuu Island became a quarantine station in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Travelers arriving by sea, especially from regions affected by yellow fever and cholera, were kept on the island for medical observation before being allowed to enter Zanzibar.

The quarantine facilities were used well into the 20th century, making Prison Island one of the most important public health centers in East Africa during colonial times. Even today, the old quarantine buildings can be seen alongside the prison ruins, offering visitors a deeper understanding of Zanzibar’s health and trade history.

The Arrival of the Aldabra Giant Tortoises

One of the most unique parts of Prison Island’s history is its connection to the Aldabra giant tortoises. In 1919, the British governor of Seychelles gifted four giant tortoises to the island. Over the years, the population grew, turning Prison Island into a sanctuary for these endangered tortoises.

Some of the tortoises living on the island today are more than 150 years old, making them living witnesses to the history of Zanzibar. The tortoise sanctuary is now one of the top Zanzibar attractions, drawing thousands of tourists every year.

Prison Island Today

Today, Prison Island Zanzibar is no longer associated with punishment or quarantine. Instead, it has become a popular day trip from Stone Town, where visitors can explore the historical prison ruins, learn about Zanzibar’s slave trade history, and meet the giant Aldabra tortoises.

The island’s transformation from a site of suffering and disease into a peaceful haven for wildlife and travelers is a symbol of Zanzibar’s resilience and cultural heritage.

🐢 Meet the Aldabra Giant Tortoises

The highlight of any visit to Prison Island is the Aldabra giant tortoise sanctuary. These magnificent creatures were gifted to Zanzibar by the British governor of Seychelles in the late 1800s. Some tortoises here are over 150 years old and weigh more than 200 kilograms!

Visitors can walk among them, feed them, and take photos. The sanctuary is also home to younger tortoises, ensuring the survival of this endangered species.

🌊 Things to Do on Prison Island

1. Explore the Prison Ruins

Walk through the remains of the prison complex and learn about Zanzibar’s history. Guided tours provide insights into the island’s role in the slave trade and colonial times.

2. Snorkeling & Swimming

The waters around Prison Island are perfect for snorkeling. Colorful coral reefs and tropical fish make this a paradise for underwater lovers. Bring your snorkel gear or rent it in Stone Town before your trip.

3. Relax on the Beach

Enjoy the island’s small but beautiful beach. The calm waters are ideal for swimming, and the views of Stone Town from the shore are breathtaking.

🚤 How to Get to Prison Island from Stone Town

• Location: 5 km northwest of Stone Town

• Transport: A traditional dhow boat ride takes just 10–15 minutes

• Cost: Around $10–15 per person for the boat (group prices may be lower)

Most travelers book a guided tour that includes boat transfer, entrance fee, and sometimes snorkeling equipment.

👉 Check out our Stone Town Tour to combine it with a visit to Prison Island.

Tour Details

• Tour duration: Half-day trip (2–3 hours on the island)

• Best time to visit: Morning or early afternoon to avoid crowds

🌟 Why Prison Island is a Must-See in Zanzibar

• Unique chance to see giant tortoises up close

• Fascinating historical ruins to explore

• Ideal for a day trip from Stone Town

• Great spot for snorkeling, photography, and relaxation

Prison Island combines nature, history, and culture, making it one of the best Zanzibar excursions.

❓ FAQs About Prison Island Zanzibar

Q: How far is Prison Island from Stone Town?
A: About 5 km, or a 10–15 minute boat ride.

Q: What animals live on Prison Island?
A: Mainly Aldabra giant tortoises, peacocks, and some small antelopes.

Q: How long should I spend on Prison Island?
A: Around 2–3 hours is enough to explore the tortoise sanctuary, ruins, and beach.

Q: Can I snorkel at Prison Island?
A: Yes! The island is surrounded by clear waters and coral reefs perfect for snorkeling.

📌 Plan Your Trip with Cardamon Tours & Safaris

At Cardamon Tours & Safaris, we offer guided tours to Prison Island from Stone Town, including boat transfers and a professional guide. Combine it with a Stone Town walking tour for the perfect day in Zanzibar.

👉 Book your tour here: Prison Island Zanzibar Tour